It Matters Not, The Brutality, Injustice, and Institution...

It Matters Not, The Brutality, Injustice, and Institution of Slavery is Wrong in any Age The idea and horrendous act of one human owning another is a plague etched in history from the colonization of the New World to its abolishment during the Civil War. The exemplification being referenced is slavery. Slavery placed man-kind in a position of power where the depravity of personal liberties and rights were not only apparent but generally accepted. There was an ideology that slaves were less than human; their species classified as property and could be treated as such. Slaves were bred as selectively as animals, tamed, disciplined, transported, and exploited in the same manner. There are two individual perspectives of slavery from†¦show more content†¦This was a turning point in his life where renouncing the encomienda, or legal system justifying the occupation of natives under Spanish rule (Encomienda) became paramount. His political ventures began in the year 1515 wher e the Spanish government allocated him authority to establish a colony off the Venezuelan coast where the alleviation of the natives suffering and exploitation could begin (Baym 39). At this juncture in his fight to end slavery, some countermeasures were presented. One of which was the importation of African slaves to ease Indian suffering. This idea was not conducive to Casas’ cause and he soon redacted it. As stated in Casas History of the Indies, â€Å"black slavery was as unjust as Indian slavery, and was no remedy at all† (Las Casas). In this instance, Casas was aware of the injustice of slavery no matter the person. He constant debates and attempted compromises culminated in the failure of the Venezuelan venture. The continued violence and brutal acts toward slaves discouraged Casas into anonymity until he decided that if he cannot end slavery, he could at least become an advocate against the cruel and inhumane treatment of slaves. He continued this ende avor while combating allegations of treason and heresy until his death. Las Casas perspective of slavery was one of participation, observation, morality, realization, and change. Olaudah Equino’sShow MoreRelatedThe Brutality, Injustice, and Institution of Slavery is Wrong in any Age858 Words   |  4 PagesThe Brutality, Injustice, and Institution of Slavery is Wrong in any Age The idea and horrendous act of one human owning another is a plague etched in history from the colonization of the New World to its abolishment during the Civil War. The exemplification being referenced is slavery. Slavery placed man-kind in a position of power where the depravity of personal liberties and rights were not only apparent but generally accepted. There was an ideology that slaves were less than human; theirRead MoreEssay Question: Assess the Extent That Malcolm X Achieved His Goals in The Civil Rights Movement in America. (Consider the Legacy Malcolm X Left Behind)2298 Words   |  10 Pagesfrom the Nation of Islam to appeal to many African-Americans. Malcolm X was an activist for Black Nationalism and separation as solutions to the scourge of white racism. He preached against many teaching of other Civil Rights activists, and discarded ideas of non-violence and desegregation. His rough bringing combined with religious concepts from the Black Muslims, was what broug ht about his biased opinion on white people. His visitation to Mecca proved to be pivotal experience which would lead MalcolmRead MoreRichard Wright : 20th Century Man2201 Words   |  9 Pagescentury and the first quarter of the 20th century. Shortly thereafter, the Harlem Renaissance fanned into flames during at the last decade of the modern period, in the 1920s. Richard Wright, the author behind the novel Native Son, was just about Bigger’s age (20) at the end of literary modern period and at the hottest point of the Harlem Renaissance. There is reason, then, to believe that Native Son is a direct product of these times and is, therefore, characterized with the popular thoughts of the eraRead MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 PagesGolden Age of Penology - the period from 1870 to 1880 was considered the golden age of penology because of the following significant events: ï  ± 1870- the National prisons Association organized in Cincinnati, Ohio. ï  ± 1872- the First International Congress was held at London w/c established the International Penal and Penitentiary Commission; 1875- its headquarters was established at Hague, Netherlands. ï  ± 1876- the Elmira Reformatory was established in New York. ï  ± the First separate institution forRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagestransmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer LibraryRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesMedia j. Media ethics k. New Media and Democracy 2. Science/Tech a. Science and Ethics b. Government and scientist role in science c. Rely too much on technology? d. Nuclear technology e. Genetic modification f. Right tech for wrong reasons 3. Arts/Culture a. Arts have a future in Singapore? b. Why pursue Arts? c. Arts and technology d. Uniquely Singapore: Culture 4. Environment a. Developed vs. Developing b. Should environment be saved at all costs c. AreRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesWar: Toward a Transregional Perspective †¢ Gabrielle Hecht and Paul N. Edwards 271 8 A Century of Environmental Transitions †¢ Richard P. Tucker 315 About the Contributors †¢ 343 _ IN TR OD UC TIO N Michael Adas B y any of the customary measures we deploy to demarcate historical epochs, the twentieth century does not appear to be a very coherent unit. The beginnings and ends of what we choose to call centuries are almost invariably years of little significance.Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesCommons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning or its author endorse you or your use of the work). (2) Noncommercial You may not use

Essay on Personal Education Goals - 1093 Words

The path I have taken toward obtaining my Bachelor of Science Degree in Business, Management, and Economics, with a concentration in Marketing, has been different than I expected when I first started college. I started at Brooklyn College at 17-years-old and frankly, I wasn’t ready for it. I struggled to balance an awkward schedule of classes and inconsistent study habits. I never felt completely comfortable there and after two years of performing poorly, I enrolled at Kingsborough Community College. I viewed it as a new start and seized the opportunity. I decided to major in Business Administration; I made the Dean’s List, and saw my grades improve dramatically. After completing 74 total credits, I decided I was ready to return to a†¦show more content†¦This brings me to today. Enrolling in Empire State College is one of the best decisions I have made in quite some time. The Center for Distance Learning program is exactly what I have been looking for the past few years. I’m sure it is said frequently, but the administration and faculty at Empire State College are second to none. As many others in the country, I was laid-off in the past year. I currently make a living doing sporadic part-time work whenever it becomes available. This is the reason I did not look to go back to the College of Staten Island, as I would be forced to miss classes from time to time when any work became available. Empire State College has offered me the chance to do things at my own pace. Marketing is a field that is universal. Even if I don’t obtain a position working in a marketing department or for an advertising agency, any career I may pursue will require me to market myself as an individual. This is the reason I decided on a marketing concentration as my major many years ago. In creating my degree plan, I have tried to keep the structure similar to the track I was previously on as well as fulfilling the other course requirements of Empire State College. The classes I am currently enrolled in, as well as the ones I plan to register for in the future all serve a purpose in me continuing my exposure to new marketing techniques and styles. These upper-level marketing classes will not only help me in gaining a better recognition ofShow MoreRelated Personal Goals Essays607 Words   |  3 Pages Personal Goals I want to Achieve as a University of Phoenix Student With a degree from the University of Phoenix, I will rule the world! The worlds that I will rule are my own internal and external ones. These worlds consist of paper, development of personal skills, satisfaction and achievement, titles, and specialized knowledge. My goals are personal, family-oriented, business-related, or just plain selfish. The receipt of a diploma is something that I perceive as slightly superficial. ObtainingRead MoreDomains of School Counselor Essay1196 Words   |  5 Pagesher highest potential. It is vital for the student to attain an outlook, comprehension and abilities that render valuable education in school and also throughout life. In order for this to take place the student must improve academic self-concept, acquire skills for improving learning and achieving school success. School counselors can speak to classes and match education levels to different careers. The school counselors at the school I teach at have students use a Workkeys program that correlatesRead MorePersonal Statement On Personal Responsibility1104 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is personal responsibility? What does it mean to have personal responsibility? How do I practice personal responsibility? These are questions that have boggled the mind of every individual at different stages of their lives. The definition of personal responsibility varies from person-to-person, but the popular meaning focuses on the concept that every action has a consequence. Personal responsibility was embedded on my mind a t an early age. It was part of my upbringing and learning processRead MoreA Goal-Oriented Action Plan for a Higher Education Learner774 Words   |  4 PagesA Goal-Oriented Action Plan for a Higher Education Learner I have obtained an adjunct-faculty position within the pharmacy technician program at Fortis College. Becoming an instructor and delving into higher education was not my original plan. However, this opportunity allows me to exercise my best skills, inspiring and teaching. Obtaining a master’s degree in Higher Education with specialization in Leadership and Administration will improve my teaching abilities and grant access to administrativeRead MoreDefining A Successful Education Program1132 Words   |  5 PagesDefining a Successful Education A successful Education can be defined by the achievement of personal goals in higher education. It is important to stay true to myself keeping my goals aligned with my vision of becoming an elementary school teacher by developing a clear education plan. As well acknowledge my need to stay motivated in order to complete and succeed in my academics. By having a support system using the resources provided by my educational institute. Successful education is having intricatelyRead MoreMy Dream As A Doctor Of Education Degree888 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessional obtaining a doctor of education degree. As I reflect upon the journal entries that were submitted, I will discuss the common thread and themes that are applicable to my personal development as a professional; subsequently, it will disclose the themes which has influenced my progress in the EDD program. Lastly, this refection will reveal how the personal learning obtained will enhance and expand my profession my accomplishment of a doctor of education degree. Common Threads and ThemesRead MoreGraduate Study Challenges and Strategies and Strategies for Personal Success1009 Words   |  5 PagesChallenges and Strategies for Personal Success University of Phoenix Introduction to Graduate Studies in Health Science / Nursing HCS/504 03/3/2014 Instructor: Michelle Dorin By Gwendoria Buckles Graduate Study Challenges and Strategies for Personal Success Keeping your eyes on your personal goals and professional goals is key to staying focused and obtaining them in a timely fashion. Knowing your personal goals and balancing your personal life is a challenge, butRead MoreEssay about Personal Responsibility and College Success 663 Words   |  3 PagesEven though main argumentations against personal responsibility include the fact that many â€Å"people are just naturally unable to take responsibility, there are too many arguments for personal responsibility that they just outweigh it.† (What Are The Main Arguments Against Personal Responsibility?, n.d.). Personal responsibility is a choice that you have to make. Taking personal responsibility for something gives you something to measure up to. â€Å"Personal responsibility is the key to college successRead MorePersonal Financial Goals And Objectives Essay1044 Words   |  5 Pageswritten financial goal with define action plans that will help you to achieve such goals. Planning is important to set deliberate actions that will guide you in reaching your goals. It is even necessary when you are further from the set goal. When it comes to money, most individuals would love to manage their personal finances so that they achieve maximum satisfaction from each available currency. To achieve this goal, you must first identify the financial goals and set priorities. Personal financial planningRead MorePersonal Plan to Succeed1077 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Plan to Succeed Katrina Lino HSC/504 November 5, 2012 John Dean Personal Plan to Succeed As age increases, so do the number of responsibilities assumed in our lives. We have careers, family that needs taking care of, and homes that need maintenance. These responsibilities can be obstacles when returning to school and obtaining a higher degree such as a Master’s of Science. Although there are challenges, the drive for higher learning never subsides in some people. In this paper,

Culture of Entertainment Essay Example For Students

Culture of Entertainment Essay Theatre The city of Ã… ½?à ¡r nad Sà ¡zavou has got a very nice theatre building. I go there about five times a year, usually with my brother or parents. Occasionally I visit the Horà ¡ckà © theatre in Jihlava too. Jihlava ´s theatre is much bigger and it ´s more famous than Ã… ½dà ¡r ´s theatre. I absolutely prefer comedies to serious plays. My favorite theatre company is The Theatre of Jà ¡ra Cimrman because its plays are written with very kind and intelligent humour. I know nearly all their plays. I really enjoyed The Conquest of the North Pole which was performed in Ã… ½?à ¡r nad Sà ¡zavou theatre previous year. The best theater plays I have ever seen were Teremin and One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest. Cinema There ´s only one cinema in my city. In the past it was necessary to book the tickets for a performance in advance because the cinema was often full up and the tickets were sold out. But times have changed. Nowadays people have less free time. They ´re even lazier when they have to leave their homes. They prefer watching television or video to going to the cinema. Thats why I usually meet only 20 – 30 people at the cinema during the projection. I dont go to the cinema very often because of high price and uncomfortable cinema seats. I choose a film very carefully before I make a decision to go to the cinema. I look for some information about actors and film directors. The genre of the film isn ´t so important to me. I ´m interested in almost all the genres. My favorite actors are Matt Damon, Colin Farrell and Russell Crowe. I ´m really into the films directed by MiloÃ… ¡ Forman, Quentin Tarantino or Ridley Scott. Music Music is indispensable part of my life. I love listening to music. Listening to music is a great relaxation for me in my freetime. Music helps me concentrate while I ´m studying. I used to go to piano lessons for 6 years and I have been learning to play the guitar for 2 years. I like going to pop concerts and festivals too. I like almost every kind of music, except metal and techno. Museum Im not very excited about museum tourism and I dont visit museums very often. But there are some exceptions. I really like technical and world war 2 museums. I was a little child when I visited a huge technical museum in Ostrava for the first time. I hadnt seen bigger and nicer museum before. I was literally amazed by that museum. Since that time I have been interested in technical museums. My favorite technical museums are The National Technical Museum in Prague, The Moravian Museum in Brno and The Fire Museum in P?ibyslav. Literature Reading books is my favourite hobby and I read a lot of books. Last year I bought an e-book reader. It has been a very good purchase, because now I can download various electronic books for free from the Internet. I like most kinds of books but especially I like horror novels, historical and post-apocalyptic books. My favourite authors are Stephen King, Bernard Cornwell, Dmitry Glukhovsky and Jonas Jonasson. My ideal writer is Stephen King because all his books are masterpieces. He is the master of evoking dark atmosphere, in his books you can empathize with characters very easily. There are many great films based on his books e.g. Green Mile or Shawshank Redemption. Internet I think the Internet is one of the biggest sources of culture and it is also a huge source of information. From the Internet I can download my favorite songs, films, e-books and much more. There are loads of materials for studying easily available. I can share ideas with other people. I think printed books will be soon replaced by digital libraries online.

Intercontinental Group of Hotels Case Study-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Intercontinental Group of Hotels Case Study. Answer: Identification of important facts: Growth in the Chinese hotel industry: The hotel industry in China experienced phenomenal growth in the recent years and has emerged one of the fastest growing hotel industries in the world. The value of the hotel industry in China is estimated to more than $ 71 billion. China has emerged as one of the most sought after tourist destinations in the world and this has attracted the international hotel chains to the country(O'Hare, 2017). The Intercontinental Hotel Group is a British multinational hotel group which has very strong presence in China. The country is experiencing increase in the emerging of hotel groups in its domestic chains of hotels as well(Our global presence, 2017). Drivers of the Hotel industries: There are a number of factors which have led to this development of a strong and dynamic hotel industry in China. The first factor is the influx of foreign tourists as China is among the most visited countries in the world. The increase in the income of the Chinese people have also promoted to the growth of the industries because this allows them to spend money on vacations and hotels. The growing investment of international hotel chains have also led to the growth of hotel industries(Leung et al., 2014). Thus the Chinese hotel industry have emerged to be very competitive and profitable owing to strong presence of both Chinese and international hotels. Chinese pattern of running hotels: The Chinese as opposed to the Americans and the Europe hotel chains do not emphasis on franchisee models of running hotels. They stress on direct management which necessitate the international hotel chains to run their Chinese branches following the directly managed format(Altinay et al., 2014) Oversupply of rooms and its impact on the industry: The Chinese hotel industry is characterised by supply of excess rooms in the accommodations. This oversupply of rooms in the hotels causes the hotel owners to reduce the rates of rooms due to excess of supply. Clear identifications of the key issues: A study of the case study reveals the following key issues: Lack of flexibility in the hotel management patterns: The hotel industry in China is characterised by limitations in hotel management formats. Global trends in the hotel industries show that the dominant feature of international hotel management pattern is franchisee model. The dominant management pattern of hotels in China is direct management. An analysis of the discussion shows that franchisee model is preferred by the international hotel chains and is the most common business format followed internationally. However, direct management is the most established format in China which requires heavy initial investments from the international hotel chains in fixed assets acquisitions (land, building), human resource acquisition and supply chain establishment. This is one of the main issues which the international hotel chains face while entering and operating the Chinese hotel industry(Yang, Luo Law, 2014). Oversupply of accommodation: The next issue in the Chinese hotel industry is oversupply of rooms in the hotels and accommodations. This availability of rooms increases the bargaining power of the customers because of the multiple numbers of rooms available to them. The availability of excess number of rooms intensified the competition among hotels which forced the leading market players to lower rates of their rooms. The discussion clearly points out that the fall in the rates of rooms reduced the revenue the international hotel chains like Intercontinental Group of Hotels earned on offering of rooms to their guests. The expenses of maintaining properties direct management system prevailing in China further increased the cost of operations(Dzhandzhugazova et al., 2015). Outlining of alternative courses of actions: The above discussion outlines two issues namely, oversupply of rooms which reduced revenue earned per rooms and prevalence of direct management of hotel properties. The alternative courses of actions those can be outlined as follows: Strengthening of franchisee model: An analysis of the prevailing business models in the Chinese hotel industry shows that the direct management model is the most prevailing model. The application of franchisee model in the Chinese hotel industry is very limited which increases the operational costs of the international hotel chains. It can be outlined the franchisee model should be accepted more strongly as an alternative model in the Chinese hotel industry which will make it more profitable(Santos, Pache Birkholz, 2015). Acquisitions of more properties and reducing the number of rooms in the accommodations: It can be outlined that the alternative course of action to large numbers of low rate rooms would less rooms and more properties in multinational locations. The international hotel chains like the InterContinental Groups of Hotels should reduce the numbers of rooms available pre property which will allow them to charge more and increase the revenue per room. They should expand their hotel chain into new locations to increase their market penetration and revenue generation(Calderon-Monge, Pastor-Sanz Huerta-Zavala, 2017). Acquire Chinese hotels: It can be outlined that the InterContinental Hotels Group should acquire Chinese hotels to strengthen its position in the Chinese markets. The Chinese market is composed of Chinese hotels and government owned hotels which compete with the international hotel chains like InterContinental Hotel Group PLC (ICG). Thus acquiring Chinese hotels would strengthen the position of ICG and allow it to acquire control over the domestic hotel business in China to certain extent(Brand, Croonen Leenders, 2017). Courses of action are logically evaluated: Strengthening of franchisee model: The dominant business model used internationally in the hotel industry is franchisee but the preferred model used in the Chinese market is direct management. An evaluation of the international hotel market shows that the franchisee model is dominantly preferred in the developed western markets because it leads to mutual benefit for both the franchisor and the franchisee. As far as the franchisor international hotel chains are concerned, franchisee model helps them to enter new markets and find established franchisees which use their brand names to conduct hotel business. The franchisors can easily expand their business in the new market taking advantage of the knowledge of the franchisees about the local market conditions(Bharadwaj, Varadarajan Fahy, 2015). The franchising international hotel chain does not have to invest in acquiring and developing properties to make hotels, they can allow franchisees use their brand names to conduct business which saves their costs. The franchisee on the other hand advantages from the franchisee model established strongly in the international hotel industry. The franchisee can exploit the brand equity of the international franchisor hotel chains like Intercontinental Group of Hotels to conduct business and earn huge profits. The second advantage is that the franchisees can use the brand power of the franchisor to attract high profile customers and earn huge revenue. The franchisor provides training to the staff of the franchisee after their own international standards which make them efficient. This ensures that the hotel staff serves the customers most professionally and ensures customer loyalty. An evaluation of the direct management shows that it requires the international hotel chains to invest huge amount of money in acquisition of property, human resources and supply chain. This comparison clearly points out that compared to direct management franchisee would be a profitable model of business for the Chinese hotel indu stry. Thus, strengthening of franchisee model will make the Chinese hotel industry more profitable(Gaul, 2015). Acquisitions of more properties and reducing the number of rooms in the accommodations: An evaluation of the practice of maintaining large number of rooms in the hotels in China show that large numbers of rooms lead to reduction in the rates of the rooms. This reduces the price per rooms and the resultant revenue earned by offering them to the customers. An evaluation of the accommodation style followed in the western markets show that hotels have less number of rooms. This gives an opportunities to the hotel chains in the west charge high prices for offering the rooms which consequently increases the profit margin per room. Thus, the hotels in China should also follow the system of reducing the available number of rooms to earn more profit per room(Golubov, Petmezas Travlos, 2015). Acquire Chinese hotels: An evaluation of the Chinese hotel industry shows that it is expanding owing to the presence of international foreign hotel chains, domestic hotel chains and the state owned hotel chains. The domestic hotel chains and the state owned hotel chains compete with the international hotel chains like ICG. Thus, acquiring Chinese hotels would allow the international hotels to control Chinas domestic hotel market as well which would increase their competitive advantage in the hotel market of China(Lougui Brostrm, 2016). Recommended course of action: The following recommendations can be made based on the above discussion: Adoption of franchisee model in managing hotels: It is recommended that the Chinese hotel industry should adopt the franchisee business model which would allow it to operate more profitably. Adoption of the franchise model would allow the Chinese domestic hotel owners run their business using the brand power of the international hotel chains. It would allow them to get easy market penetration and earn huge profits. Strengthen marketing and promotion: It is recommended that the Chinese hotel industry should strengthen its promotion and marketing activities. The hotels must enter into partnership with international chains to promote their business. This will make the hotel industry more competitive and profitable References: Altinay, L., Brookes, M., Yeung, R., Aktas, G. (2014). Franchisees perceptions of relationship development in franchise partnerships.Journal of Services Marketing,28(6), 509-519. Bharadwaj, S. G., Varadarajan, P. R., Fahy, J. (2015). Sustainable competitive advantage in service industries: a conceptual model and research propositions. InProceedings of the 1992 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) annual conference, Springer International Publishing(pp. 441-443). Brand, M. J., Croonen, E. P., Leenders, R. T. (2017). Entrepreneurial networking: a blessing or a curse? Differential effects for low, medium and high performing franchisees.Small Business Economics, 1-23. Calderon-Monge, E., Pastor-Sanz, I., Huerta-Zavala, P. (2017). Economic Sustainability in Franchising: A Model to Predict Franchisor Success or Failure.Sustainability,9(8), 1419. Dzhandzhugazova, E. A., Zaitseva, N. A., Larionova, A. A., Pervunin, S. N. (2015). The Russian hotel market: Condition and development under the crisis.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,6(3 S5), 289. Gaul, C. (2015). What Makes a Franchisee Successful: Attitudes and Pre-requisites of Profitable Franchise Partners.The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online),14(2), 387. Golubov, A., Petmezas, D., Travlos, N. G. (2015). Do stock-financed acquisitions destroy value? New methods and evidence.Review of Finance,20(1), 161-200. Leung, D., Li, G., Fong, L. H. N., Law, R., Lo, A. (2014). Current state of China tourism research.Current Issues in Tourism,17(8), 679-704. Lougui, M., Brostrm, A. (2016).New firm formation in the wake of mergers and acquisitions: Are employees pushed or pulled into entrepreneurship?(No. 427). Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS-Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies. O'Hare, M. (2017). CNN Travel. Retrieved 23 August 2017, from https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/most-visited-cities-euromonitor-2017/index.html Our global presence. (2017). InterContinental Hotels Group PLC. Retrieved 23 August 2017, from https://www.ihgplc.com/en/about-us/our-global-presence?region=china Santos, F., Pache, A. C., Birkholz, C. (2015). Making hybrids work: Aligning business models and organizational design for social enterprises (Paper IV).Christoph Birkholz,153. Yang, Y., Luo, H., Law, R. (2014). Theoretical, empirical, and operational models in hotel location research.International Journal of Hospitality Management,36, 209-220.

Health Consciousness free essay sample

Based on the results of the experiment, most women do not opt to drink healthier beverages than men. After analyzing the data obtained through observations and finding that the results were insignificant, it can be concluded that there was no substantial evidence supporting the hypothesis stating that women were more health conscious than men based on their choice of drink. As shown in the study, women chose to intake just as many unhealthy beverages as men did. Although the total number of women who chose healthy drinks outnumbered the number of men who opted to do the same, there was not a big enough difference to support our claim. The sample observation, although small, can help alleviate the common misconception that women are more health conscious than men. In todays American society, people tend to generalize the female populations conception of their physical appearance and well being. This can be attributed to the numerous advertisements and propaganda, depicting slim and healthy women. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Consciousness or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Due to the fact that women consumed almost the same amount of unhealthy beverages as men, one can make the assumption that men are just as health conscious as women or that women are not as health conscious as perceived. Because of the small sample size of people observed in the experiment, no concrete conclusions can be made based on the data gathered. The inability to enact this experiment amongst a higher, denser population over a longer period of time proved to be detrimental to its results. Having a greater amount of people included in the study may allow for a bigger difference in the choice of drink between men and women. Also, having a clear view of the drink stations being observed may help eliminate erroneous data. The cups that people usually drink out of are not transparent, making it harder for a researcher to make sure of the contents within those cups. A good vantage point on the beverage dispenser and the names of each individual beverage may help clear any uncertainties. Including these changes in a repetition of this experiment may prove to bear different results and more conclusive data. If done correctly and over a longer period of time, this experiment can be a reat help in the study of the people in American culture. The types of beverages that people consume make up a great portion of their diets. Observing what people drink can offer a view on what kind of perception people have of themselves. This can lead to a more in-depth view as to why people partake in physical fitness and why they place such an emphasis on how they look. Although the particular results were insignificant, the idea based in the main hypothesis has the possibility to lead to breakthroughs in the psychology of health and fitness.

Correspondence Theory of Truth

Correspondence Theory of Truth There have been many different propositions related to the nature of truth and reality throughout the history of philosophy. The Correspondence Theory of Truth states that propositions can only be true if the facts and ideas that they are stating correspond to reality. People can only say that the sky is blue, for instance, if the sky really is demonstrably blue. While different philosophers have been trying to debunk this intuitive and the basic idea for a long time, the Correspondence Theory of Truth looks better than the objections to it. Reality and Mental Objects Some philosophers object to the Correspondence Theory of Truth because they more or less point out that reality, as it is perceived by humans, is not objective in its own right. The sky may seem to be blue, but the sky is a concept as perceived by humans, and blue is a mental object that exists in the minds of humans. They deny that a reality made of mental objects could possibly be objectively real. However, in order to even analyze the veracity of the Correspondence Theory of Truth, people are using mental objects and their own minds. People are doing this all the time anyway. There is no way of getting around this, so humans have no choice but to trust out senses and perceptions of reality. Deconstructing reality beyond that point creates a situation where people cannoteven really use their own brains, which is not going to help anyone find the truth. The objections to the Correspondence Theory of Truth eat each other. Humanitys Reality Matters The reality that humans perceive is more complicated than it seems. As humans acquire tools that allow them to detect things that were beyond human senses, that much is obvious. However, even the act of questioning whether the reality perceived by humans is real or not requires the use of human perceptions and biases. The perceptions, biases, and mental objects that create reality for humans still have value. If there is a reality beyond that, it almost seems like it isnt going to functionally matter for humanitys purposes. Humans experience the world through mental objects, and the Correspondence Theory of Truth helps humans understand the reality that is lived by humans. It functionally describes truth. Empirical Evidence The Correspondence Theory of Truth encourages reasoning based on empirical evidence. People can only say that the sky is blue if the sky is blue. In other words, given the definition of sky and the definition of blue, people must look for evidence that the sky is blue in order to agree that it is. Empiricism is a philosophy that has a long track record of helping humanity understand the world. Empiricism and rationality force people to examine their own biases, which can allow people to compensate for the problems that might arise with constructing reality out of mental objects. Encouraging the endless skepticism involved with the objections to the Correspondence Theory of Truth does not help people understand the world. People need to make some prior assumptions in order to think anything. SHOULD CITIES PRESERVE OLD BUILDINGS? The objections to the Correspondence Theory of Truth are rooted in hyper-skepticism and the largely useless observation that humans have an inherently biased view of reality. The human view of reality involves mental objects and frames, but objecting to the Correspondence Theory of Truth also requires mental objects and frames. People cannot escape using them, which makes it fundamentally useless to try to think without them and perceive truth without them. It makes more sense to encourage the empirical approach to reason, and the Correspondence Theory of Truth does that. People can only accept claims as true if they correspond to evidence-based reality, which is a way of modeling the world that makes sense according to human needs and even human limitations. The human perception of the world is flawed, but it has value, and the Correspondence Theory of Truth can help people understand it.

Scientific revolution and the influence of Bacons doctrines Essay

Scientific revolution and the influence of Bacons doctrines - Essay Example Scientific revolution and the influence of Bacon’s doctrines The called enlightenment of the west zone had followed his thoughts via a institutional developments. These developments contributed towards the increase of knowledge and its its scope of accessibility to those people who could make good use of it.industrial revolution could not have developed into sustainable economic growth without this enlightenment. Many historians and philosophers saw this as a transformation or change in world view. According to the historian Herbert Butterfield: â€Å"Since that revolution overturned the authority in science not only of the middle ages but of the ancient world — since it ended not only in the eclipse of scholastic philosophy but in the destruction of Aristotelian physics — it outshines everything since the rise of Christianity and reduces the Renaissance and Reformation to the rank of mere episodes, mere internal displacements within the system of medieval Christendom.... looms so large as the real origin both of the modern world and of the modern mentality that our customary periodization of European history has become an anachronism and an encumbrance† (Butterfield, viii). The new ideas encompassed the idea of looking at matter to be composed of atoms and a complex chemical composition replaced the former Aristotlean view that it as made of the five elements and hence was continuous. Aristotle’s concept of motion (brought about by a cause and would last as long as the cause is there) was also changed (the new concept says that motion was continuous without any need of further cause).

Hollywood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hollywood - Essay Example   Though Hollywood productions are intended to make money its biggest contribution to the society is that it is a big source of education to the masses who are film and movie lovers in the world teaching them on the on goings in the world and also putting light to how many historical events came about by depicting a mimic of how the actual events were undertaken.Movie Case Study ‘All quiet on the western front’ is 1930 war film based on the Enrich Maria Remarque novel of the same name. It is a realistic and harrowing account of world war 1. The film begins with a military parade followed by a rousing speech by a schoolmaster (Kantorek) convincing his young students to enlist in the army in a bid to save their fatherland. The young enlistees are then seen in basic training â€Å"aching† for action. Training is conducted under Himmelstoss a strict disciplinarian who is widely disliked by all the recruits. After a period of little more than marching drills, the rec ruits are informed that they are going up front in the battle fields. The cadets arrived at the combat zone by train which is in a state of mayhem with soldiers everywhere, incoming bombs, and horse drawn wagons running around.    The new soldiers are very shocked to find that there is no food available at their post since they had not eaten anything since breakfast but they find that their new unit had gone for two days without any food though they have sent out a scrounger to locate something to eat.

Quantitative Content Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Quantitative Content Analysis - Essay Example The experiment also tests the effect of music on the learning process. It is commonly accepted and proved by research that loud noise impedes concentration and learning. However, some background music might improve the learning process. It is not known what type, genres and loudness are more helpful than others. The effect on different age groups is also unknown (Levy 1999). In one scene, the eye sees a huge number of objects and events that compete for visual attention. Humans rapidly prioritize and focus on critical objects and events and ignore the rest. However, it is not known how people select the most significant objects and events in complex images. Chun (2000) stated that humans use visual context information to find objects in complex scenes. He argued that visual context guides the eyes to select important objects while ignore the rest. In 1967, Yarbus demonstrated that people concentrate on faces and other relevant aspects of scenes. Eyes move more to informative objects within a scene (Loftus & Mackworth (1978), Mackworth & Morandi (1967). Biederman (1982) suggested that context also facilitate recognition of objects within a scene. ... They hypothesized that non changing contextual information guides participants' spatial attention to efficiently find targets. They experimented with identification of targets within old or new visual arrangements. Old arrangements maintained the same spatial configuration of target within its distractors. New arrangements contained changing spatial configuration of target within its distractors. They found that even though participants did not remember repetitions of old configurations, they found targets within old configurations faster than targets within new configurations. They concluded that contextual cueing effect was the reason. Spatial context learning is important because the configurations of different objects are stable with time. Visual context is defined by attributes other than spatial layout such as background knowledge. Background knowledge suggests the presence of some objects more than others and thus gives some objects more attention than others. The presence of one object in relation to another is acquired through experience. Savan, A. (1999) investigated whether Mozart orchestral compositions would improve the co-ordination skills of pupils. To determine the physiological effect of music on participants, she measured blood pressure, body temperature, and pulse rate in response to different sound stimulus. She found that Mozart compositions stimulated the production of endorphin within the brain, which slowed down the physiological parameters of blood pressure, body temperature, and pulse rate and reduced overall body metabolism and hormone production. She concluded that music improved the coordination of pupils. The experiment tests the hypothesis

Methodologies of data collection

Methodologies of data collection The standard and procedure of data collection and gathering can be done by formal and informal way and then, after collecting that data, you do analysis on this data and is called data collection or anthology. In this part of the research procedure, researcher uses different methods and procedures. These methods can include of interviews, surveys, Questionnaires and observation. The most difficult part after collecting the data is the analysis and presentation of this data. The data collection for this research work has been done by using Questionnaires, Interviews and observation of the self service checkout systems, customers and staffs etc. (Saunders et al 2009) Desk research or secondary data collection desk research or secondary data collection, the researcher uses already available data about the proposed research topic in the form of research paper, Books, Journals, Un-published research work, Newspapers, Government websites and research articles etc. this research has already been done by the researcher on the proposed research topic and the researcher is allowed to use these material in their research with proper references to the sources to elaborate more of their proposed research problem. These secondary resources help the researcher to find out more about the research topic and those researchers individual work and experiences to further explore or investigate about the research topic. And, finally, find those research gaps and further contribute to the body of knowledge. (Saunders et al, 2009) Field research or Primary data collection After doing the secondary research, researcher find out about the research gaps and need to explore it further about the proposed research problem. In this stage, researcher uses the Primary data collection methods for collecting the research data by using different methods such as Questionnaires, Observation, interviews, surveys and focus group etc. it is very important that data collected through primary data collection method should not be used by third parties and to reveal to anyone unless they have rights and permission from the authorities. As I mentioned in my previous section that the researcher uses different methods such as Questionnaires, Interviews and Observation to collect the necessary primary data. The researcher uses questionnaires to collect information from the customers about their feedback of the self service checkout system. (Saunders et al 2009) Qualitative data The qualitative data is utilized to get facts and figures about the customers feedback and quality of the system. Thorough this type of data collection, researcher search and collect the customers reaction to the respective product or services. E.g. do they like to use the self service checkout system? Do they like this new innovative product? What is their satisfaction level according to our 5 level reaction grid? In this dissertation, researcher has used data being collected from the supermarket customers feedback such as ASDA, Selborne Walk shopping centre and ASDA Supermarket, Bakers arms, London. In these supermarkets, researcher has conducted his research using different interviews techniques, Questionnaires and self observation etc. Quantitative data Numerical or quantitative data collection method is utilized to gauge and compute the scale of needed information. Quantitative data collection is very important step in any research work as researcher needs to find out about the average number of customers and their sampling method. This is the extremely important tool for collecting the required data in numerical form for the research work. This sort of data collection method has also been used to analyze the result and for data presentation. (Saunders et al, 2009) Customer survey and self service checkout system initiation In the supermarket environment, competitors are always looking for different ways of retaining the existing customers and attracting the rival supermarket customers by offering incentives and offers to lure them to their business. Different customers have different behavior and attitude towards product or services in the supermarket. Time has gone when customer can be satisfied and retained by offering cheap products or services, instead, now, they look for more in the terms of excellent customer services and good value for their money. Supermarket or retail is in boom period, and, it is very fast moving business. Customers like to have more value and better service for the money. Retailer after doing lots of research and analysis of the customers expectation and wants, they decided to use new innovative self service checkout system for faster, flexible, reliability, efficiency, privacy and improved checkout system for the ever changing customers requirements. Self service checkout system is a good technology for using the fast paced retail business to consumer (B2C) environment and it already has gained acceptance for the majority of the customers from around the world supermarket and especially, in the United Kingdom. As I find out about the possible future planning of ASDA supermarket in London, they intend to increase more self service checkout system than assisted checkout system in this year 2010. ASDA has already done the Survey form the customers about the possible expansion of self service checkout system in future. As I find out from the self service checkout supervisor about this possible future expansion. He has helped me observed the customers and asked questions to the customers about the liking of the self service checkout system. The survey I conducted among 10 customers at ASDA Supermarket and it was very obvious that they come to the big supermarket for the sack of getting good services as well as good price. The chart below shows how many percentage of the customer in the retail industry like Self Service Checkouts. In the chart different colors shows different opinions of the customers e.g. brown color represents strongly agreed, sky blue color represent agree, yellow color represents somewhat agree, red color represents disagree and light green color represents neutral. All the bars in the chart show the level in percentage. Q1: Do you prefer to use self service checkouts instead of Cashier? In this chart, the bars shows the participation of the customers e.g. in question 3, 25% customers were strongly agreed, 42% customers were agreed, 10% customers were somewhat agreed, 8% customers were disagreed and 15% customers were neutral. According the above we get conclusion that despite it is new system most people use self service check out as the manager at ASDA Supermarket pointed out that it will grow 10% every year in the next 20 year and we will change all our cashier in future. Q2: Self service check out reduces waiting time to checkouts? In this chart the bars shows the participation of the customers. 30% customers were strongly agreed, 45% customers were agreed, 8% customers were somewhat agreed, 5% customers were disagreed and 12% customers were neutral. The graph shows that most customers love to use the service, the first of all that is a new technology and it is natural that every ones wants to try the new technology such as if we look at computer usage. People love to use computer because user friendliness of the system. At the end, we get result that self service check system is really helpful to reduce the waiting time at self service checkout system. Q3:  Self service checkout creates a sense of privacy and anonymity? In this chart the bars shows the participation of the customers e.g. in question 7, 34% customers were strongly agreed, 41% customers were agreed, 12% customers were somewhat agreed, 5% customers were disagreed and 8% customers were neutral. The chart shows customer use it is more secure and keep their privacy intact. Q4: I appreciate the ability not to have to deal with anyone? In this chart the bars shows the participation of the customers e.g. in question 8, 51% customers were strongly agreed, 39% customers were agreed, 5% customers were somewhat agreed, 3% customers were disagreed and 2% customers were neutral. Q5: self-service checkouts (SSC) are easy to use? In this chart the bars shows the participation of the customers as; * 66% customers were strongly agreed * 27% customers were agreed, * 3% customers were somewhat agreed, * 2% customers were disagreed and * 2% customers were neutral Majority of the customer at ASDA Supermarket are said it is easy to use but According to the manager of ASDA Supermarket, it depends on the customer education that we dont have any problem with that customer who are familiar with self service checkout system. It is hard for those who never use this type of service, sometimes, they find difficult to use this system on their own without any assistance by the staff members. Q6: Please rate your impression of what according to the following scale? Strongly Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Average Very good Excellent Do you find our SSC system easy to use? Do you like to pay for shopping bags at SSC System? Do you find our staff at SSC System helpful? Our premises are clean and well lightened Products and food are well arranged in the supermarket Supermarket offers excellent value of money Our working hours are convenient for you Our staff are courteous and helpful to you while you are shopping with us This survey aim is to find out how the self service check out can increase efficiency, effectiveness in the retail industry beside that the industries putting their effort to satisfy their customers in different ways by implementing some strategy that could be useful to the companies as global competition is rising between industries customer satisfaction comes hot topic .self services check out has implemented in retail industry to reduce the time of the customers the survey I conducted from the manager in ASDA Supermarket that he pointed out the good thing is this service is very quick it does the transaction very fast that is a positive point to the ASDA Supermarket it reduces the customer complaint now days most customers are complaining the time that spend in the shopping in ASDA Supermarket for instance if a customer buy one item . they have to wait maximum 15 to 20 minutes in the queue it is a big challenge in our operational level how to decrease it we are trying to expand th e new service in all our store . it gives two positive impact to the company the first point it satisfies the customers the second point it saves the cost The new service is lost longer more efficiency that it helps too much in operational level it grows 10% every year like I could say 75% are satisfy like minority of the customers say it is not easy to use it is complicated even some of them dont trust on self service check the new service might do wrong transaction it might scan the items two times and he pointed out some inexperienced customer cause some delays they face for some problem how to do transaction but most educated people love to use the new service it gives empowerment to the customer . By long standing in queue every day as it happens in Tesco Supermarket. it is clear to understand that the new service could increase the customer satisfaction as well as it can save a lot of cost and reduce waiting time. The Research: My research is on the self service checkout system would involve doing some research work in the supermarket. I would like to use supermarket like as ASDA and TESCO that are very near to my residential area Walthamstow, London. Firstly, I decided to use the supermarket Morrison at Wood green, London, but, I did not get permission from management to conduct my research work by using my questionnaires to the customers and doing self observation at self service checkout system in the Morrison supermarket. I decided to go to my nearer supermarket â€Å"ASDA† to ask the manager to conduct my research work at the ASDA supermarket. Their accepted my proposal for academic research surprisingly. I convinced them that this information and data will be confidential and I will not disclose any information to anyone without their prior permission to do so. I observed customers at the ASDA supermarket by using the self service checkout system that how easy they can use the system without fa cing any problem and difficulty. In conclusion, I can say that older people were among the least that were reluctant to use the new self service checkout system. System performance was not as friendly as I anticipated because there were some technical loop holes in the system as customer scan the item and place into bagging area but instead of moving to next item scanning, system was asking the customer to place the item into bagging area. There was an Identification issue when customer wants to buy the Alcoholic drinks and other replacement of damaged items when there was a long queue of customer at the back of that serving customer. I observed the whole shopping time duration that vary in different mode of payment has been used. One item shopping time duration was approximately 45 seconds per minute and it vary as number of items in the shopping basket increases. Staff at the supermarket was not very friendly by the start of my research work as they were thinking me as a management man observing their working performance and pattern, but, Luckily, I did able to convince them as I am only doing this research work for the academic purposes and not for any other use. I enjoyed this research work as it gave me the insight of analysing and observing the customer behaviour and customer satisfaction shopping experience as stated by Prof. Phillip Kottler, â€Å"Customer satisfaction can lead to customer retention†

the role of the church in the Kosovo crisis :: essays research papers

After the Dayton peace accords in 1995, terminating the civil war in Bosnia-Hercegovina, the attention of the world turned to Kosovo. The international agreement terminating the Bosnian War ignored the problems of Kosovo, where the Albanian majority claimed independence. As their complaints were not addressed, the Kosovars turned from a policy of passive resistance of their moderate leadership to guerilla tactics and violent acts against the Serbian authorities conducted by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). Their activities prompted the State Department to label them a "terrorist group" in February 1998. A year later, however, the Western powers invited the KLA, not the previous moderate leaders, to represent Kosovo at Rambouillet. As our subject is the role played by the Serbian Church under the leadership of Patriarch Pavle, we will stress its activities here. Among the spokesmen we must single out Bishop Artemije of the Raska-Prizren Diocese, who has been particularly articulate in expressing the views of the church in Kosovo. We must also mention Father Sava of Decani, who speaks English, commands the computer, and has played a crucial role in outreach. The church assembly convened in Prizren in August 1997 criticized the activities of the Serbian special forces as well as of the Albanian KLA. As for the KLA aim of independence for Kosovo, they warned that this "would immediately produce large scale instability in the whole region, resulting in a disastrous multiethnic war." The church urged that ethnic Albanians would be able to find a satisfactory status in a "democratic Serbian state." They recognized that this ideal was far from the Milosevic regime. By 1998, the conflict was in full force. Church spokesmen repeatedly criticized the excessive use of force by the Milosevic police and paramilitaries in Kosovo, but also denounced the KLA, which had started murdering Serbian policemen and ethnic Albanians who they thought were cooperating with Serbian authorities. They strongly condemned the role of the KLA in abducting civilians. Three months before bombing started, the KLA clearly had already declared war on the Serbs in Kosovo. In February 1999, the international community called a meeting in Rambouillet, outside Paris, to stop he conflict. The negotiators were dealing with the self-appointed KLA leaders and representatives sent by Milosevic. As the representative of the Patriarch, Bishop Artemije tried to reach the negotiators. He tried to represent the viewpoint of the local Serbian population and the church in this ecclesiastical center, even to be an observer, but was rebuffed by Milosevic and by the diplomats.

Health Care System: Private or Public Essay

Main Argument: Is America’s health-care system better than Canada’s? Thoresen, S. T. , & Fielding, A. (2011). Universal health care in Thailand: Concerns among the health care workforce. Health Policy, 99(1), 17-22. Retrieved from https://0-www-clinicalkey-com. catalog. lib. cmich. edu/ Stian H. Thoresen and Angela Fielding, authors of the article â€Å"Universal health care in Thailand: Concerns among the health care workforce†, write about the controversial topic of public health care from the Thai health care professionals perspective. The article is based off of interviews with health care professionals who work in dealing with patients who are covered by public health care. One quote, â€Å"Health care professionals at public hospitals, particularly in rural areas, have experienced up to a doubling in the number of daily out-patients; many with superficial symptoms,† is what Thoresen and Fielding were under the impression of after the interviews. They also followed up with another quote stating, â€Å"While the improved access to health care provisions was welcomed, questions regarding the appropriateness of seeking medical advice were raised. This specific article is perfect for my topic in a number of ways. Thoresen and Fielding bring up their findings perfectly because they use their interviews with professionals who work in public health care to back up their argument. This would be a great source for my paper because not only is it a real life example of public health care, it is another country with public health care which would show that the point is to not bash the Canadian health care system, but to show an international comparison. The two authors stated, â€Å"There are potentials for health care professionals to congregate in the private sector and urban areas where workloads are perceived to be less demanding. † Relating back to a previous quote, it was understood that public health care equals more health care facilities populated with patients, whereas with private, it seems it is not so crowded which can lead one to believe that patients are only seeking care when absolutely needed. Thoresen and Fielding bring up a debatable argument that is universal to all (private and public health care owners) and present their findings appropriately. Funds have been set in place to build what he explained as a â€Å"public-private partnership†. This type of health care system is all made possible because of a philanthropy type fund from different organizations. Dolan explains, â€Å"The fund will rely on $87 million in loans from Morgan Stanley in exchange for tax credits to build 500 new affordable housing units and eight new health centers serving 75,000 people. † Dolan’s article, â€Å"U. S. news: Public-private fund aims at health care, housing gap†, would fit in my paper as an example how people can make the best out of private health care. Private versus public health care is so controversial due to the fact that one party, whether it be the patients or professionals, are going to suffer expense wise. Of course private health care is more costly for the average person than public health care; Dolan explains a way for both the people of private health care, as well as health care services to get a fair end of the deal. He explains the idea well due to the fact that solves the problem by bringing up an existing way to help out with private health care. Quotes from this article could easily be included into the topic of my paper. Dolan, rather than a farfetched idea like switching to private health care overnight, approaches the argument with more encouragement. Culyer, A. J. (1989). The normative economics of health care finance and provision. Oxford Journals, 5(1), 34-58. A. J. Culyer, writer of the article â€Å"The normative economics of health care finance and provision†, better explains many fine points of public health care. Culyer explains that while many believe that public health care comes along with a lot of excess spending, the real crisis is the â€Å"underfunding†. Since the government acts as the main source of funding for health care, it actually can work against the common good of the people. A. J. states that the concern of underfunding has given rise to bring up proposals for reform which includes a greater role for private insurance, out-of-pocket payments, and private health care. Although A. J. Culyer’s article is wrote in response to the medical ‘crisis’ of the UK, it still would act as a great example to show positive aspects of private health care. It is true that many believe that public health care has a lot of excess spending, but apparently, a big problem in this particular type of health care is the underfunding. Culyer’s article would be crucial in my paper because he proposes another example that would make one question public health care. It is true that the government is the main source of funds in public health care, but when assets are going towards other organizations as well money can become split up and threatened. Culyer incorporates this idea without coming off too strong, but rather makes the public health care system questionable.  Berman, M. (n. d. ). Although the main focus has been the benefits of private health care, Micah Berman offers insight on why public health care works for some countries. This article is written specifically on focuses of the U. S. health care reform in 2011. The cost of medical care in the U. S. and the Affordable Act of 2010 are two of the main topics discussed in the article. The author’s main point is that the U. S. should focus on the prevention of chronic disease, instead of treatment when those diseases appear. Berman genuinely believes that this type of reform would cut medical costs drastically. The point of my paper is not to come off demanding but informational with many sources which is why another side to the health care system is essential. Micah Berman has one quote in the article that really caught my attention, â€Å"We don’t have a health care system in America. We have a sick care system. If you get sick, you get care. But precious little is spent to keep people healthy in the first place. † It may be true that the U. S. has some of the best health care services and technology in the world, but it may also have some of the most demanding patients as well. People seem to be so focused on what types of characteristic a better health care, or in their hopes, a cheaper health care, would have, that they forget to take care of themselves in the process.

How to Fix Problems with Parallel Sentence Structure

How to Fix Problems with Parallel Sentence Structure The Common Core, as well as portions of many standardized tests, require  students to recognize and improve poorly-constructed sentences. It’s important for students to know what problems appear frequently within these sentences  in order to improve their chances of scoring well. One common sentence problem involves non-parallel structure. What Is Parallel Structure in a Sentence or Phrase? Parallel structure involves using the same pattern of words or the same voice in a list of items or ideas. By using parallel structure, the writer indicates that all of the items in the list are of equal importance. Parallel structure is important in both sentences and phrases. Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure Problems with parallel structure usually occur after a coordinating conjunction such as or or and. Most are a result of mixing gerunds and infinitive phrases or mixing active and passive voice. Mixing Gerunds and Infinitive Phrases Gerunds are verb forms that end with the letters -ing. Running, jumping, and coding are all gerunds. The following two sentences correctly use gerunds in parallel structure: Bethany enjoys baking cakes, cookies, and brownies. She doesn’t like washing dishes, ironing clothes, or mopping the floor. The  sentence below   is incorrect, however, because it mixes gerunds (baking, making) and an infinitive phrase (to eat out): Bethany likes to eat out,  baking cakes, and making candy. This sentence contains an unparallel mixture of a gerund and a noun: She doesn’t like washing clothes or housework. But this sentence contains two gerunds: She doesn’t like washing clothes or doing housework. Mixing Active and Passive Voice Writers can correctly use either the active or the passive voicebut mixing the two, especially in a list, is incorrect. In a sentence that uses the active voice, the subject performs an action; in a sentence that uses the passive voice, the action is performed on the subject. For example: Active voice: Jane ate the donut. (Jane, the subject, acts by eating the donut.) Passive voice: The donut was eaten by Jane. (The donut, the subject, is acted upon by Jane.) Both of the above examples are technically correct. But this sentence is incorrect because the active and passive voices are mixed: The director told the actors that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and to do some vocal exercises before the show. A parallel version of this sentence might read: The director told the actors that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and that they should do some vocal exercises before the show. Parallel Structure Problems in Phrases Parallelism is necessary not only in full sentences but also in phrases, as well: The British Museum is a wonderful place to see ancient Egyptian art, find beautiful  textiles from around  the  world, and  you can explore African artifacts. This sentence sounds jerky and out of balance, doesn’t it? That’s because the phrases are not parallel. Now read this: The British Museum is a wonderful place where you can find ancient Egyptian art, explore African artifacts, and discover beautiful textiles from around the world. Notice that each phrase has a verb and a direct object. Parallelism is necessary when a series of words, thoughts, or ideas appear in one sentence. If you encounter a sentence that just sounds wrong or clunky, look for conjunctions like and, or, but, and yet to determine whether the sentence is off balance.

About Christianity

About Christianity Free Online Research Papers All Christian religions strive for the same goals to live their lives for God or the Holy Spirit. Over the years, members of religions have interrupted the texts differently from other members. This has caused many members to start or find new religions where the religion believes the same ways as they do. Some feel if people are true to their hearts and love all humankind, as God wants them to then it does not matter what religion they belong. Others feel God judges people by their actions not what religion they are. Christianity is the largest religion in the world. People look to God for answers, help, and to find meaning in his, or her life. Christianity is the largest religion of the world, and has followers from all over the world. Christianity started in Israel. Christianity has survived for 1800 years and today translated into many different languages (Parker T., 1996). On the Believe Jesus is the son of God, and he will forgive humankind of their sins. Jesus is the savor of all humankind and died for the sins of others to please God. In Christianity, there is only one God, and he will return to take his followers to his kingdom of heaven. Sunday is a day of resurrection, confession, and prayer. Followers of Christianity live his, or her lives by the teachings of Jesus through the New Testament, Old Testament, and the Trinity. There are many different religions associated with Christianity such as Roman Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant. Each branch of Christianity has different rules and laws, and members engorged to follow. Christianity is made of many different religions combined into one for the same believes an d goals. Through the years of Christianity, the meaning is different in parts of the world and practiced differently by the followers. The name Christianity is the only thing that is the same. The interpretation of the words God spoke is different in every set of eyes of his followers. Of all the religions and members around the world, 33 percent are Christians (adherents, 2007). Christians believe there is one God, and he created Earth, all humankind, and wilderness. Even though Christianity is the largest religion, many people argue that the faith is full of myths and no facts to back them up. One of the biggest myths is Jesus was born by a virgin by a miracle of the Holy Spirit. Another myth is he went into the desert and fasted for 40 days with no water or food. Many believe there is no way even with the help of God anyone could survive this long. Another myth is that Jesus walked on top of water. To other religions, the Christian faith is nothing but lies and false hope. To Christians believing and hope is what will get one to heaven. While researching Christianity a local pastor took time out of his busy schedule to answer a few questions about Christianity. There were 10 questions asked to the pastor. What does Christianity mean to him personally? Answer= Christianity has given him a believe system, an organized life with meaning. God made him, and loves him for who he has become. Christianity has given him the feeling usefulness with his life, and has helped change rationality with others believes. Is Christianity more than a religion in his eyes? How or why? Answer= yes, what religion means to him: humankind’s attempt to connect with God. Please God and become one with the lord. What distinguishes Christianity from other religions? Answer= Jesus paid for the penalties and sins of others, to please God. Christians accept and forgive others of their sins. They believe within his, or herself without God their life has no structure. How and why would someone want to join this religion? Answer= anyone wanti ng a live change, and deciding to give themselves to God. People join the Christian faith for purpose and structure in their lives. To join all they need to be being true to themselves and live for God and the rules he has set forth. Is there a particular time of the day that members pray? How do they pray? Answer= members can pray anytime they feel the need. There is no certain time of the day that Christians must pray. Christians are suggested to pray anytime members are making a life changing decision or any major decision. When members decide to change jobs many pray to God to see them through this time. What are some of the rules that members have to follow? Answer= In the Christian religion there are no mandatory rules members must follow. Members have to believe in God with all their heart. Mathew 22: 36-39 (love the lord their God and others) sums it up the best for all Christians. Can anyone join the Christianity religion? Answer= Yes, anyone can join the Christian religio n no matter the color of skin or ethnic group he, or she belongs. People who believe in God and are willing to accept him into their hearts and souls are welcome to join. Since becoming a Christian has he been treated differently by members or friends of another religion? Answer= at first with friends that where nonreligious, and members of other religions. His parents where Roman Catholic and told him he was going to hell for joining a different religion. This made no sense to him after going to ministry school and finding out that Roman Catholics are a division of Christianity. People who are uneducated on religions treated him deferent. Is there a particular way that he would try to convince someone his religion and believes is the right way to god? Answer= Yes, sins puts them in hell, and breaks the faith between God, and themselves. Joining the Christian faith allows them a chance for forgiveness from God. Describe to people the changes that have taken place in his live since h e has given himself to God completely. Do members of his religion have the freedom to figure out what is true, and what is not? How does his religion handle question about Christianity believe? Answer= Yes, all members have the right to figure out what is right and wrong. At his church, they have discussion groups once a week to discuss Sunday’s services and he is always open to answer questions of members who are confused about the scripts and service. In this, church members are encouraged to discuss with one another what passage means to them personally. To him understanding what the passage means and putting it into an actual life experience from the past or today is one way members will truly understand the passage. Having open discussion is another way he sees if the way he is preaching is right for the members or if he needs to change his way of preaching or teaching the word of God. The Christian religion and Islam religion differ in many ways. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.5 billion members, which is about 21 percent (adherents.com). Muslims believe as do Christian Jesus is the son of Mary, but Muslims do not believe Jesus is God. Jesus is one of Gods prophets just as Mohammed. Christians believe Jesus is a Trinity, three people in one (Legenhausen M. Dr. 2007). Muslims must pray five times a day, in Christianity there is no set number of times a day to pray. Muslims govern themselves by the laws and believes of Allah; the 10 Commandments govern Christians. Both religions agree on some believes such as the importance of family, fair treatment for all and living their lives for the King (God or Allah). One of the biggest differences between Christians and Muslims is the education of the two religions among the members. Christians state that Jesus is the son of God, while others call Jesus God. Muslims state that if Jesus is the son of God then he is a prophet just like Mohammed not God. This is one reason Muslims believe Christians are living the life of lies and false hope. Christians believe Jesus is the only way to salvation, as Muslims believe Mohammed is the only way to salvation. The one thing both religions can agree on is that in order to get salvation members must follow the laws and believes of the Holy Spirit or the all mighty one God or Allah. Both agree that the prophets are the true messengers of God and the only way to get into heaven is to follow the laws and believes set forth to them by these prophets. Hinduism is the world’s oldest religion still practiced today. Hinduism believes in more than one God. In the Hindu faith, believe in continuing cycles of birth, life, death, and rebirth. The souls and spirit of every person is eternal in the eyes of Hindu followers. Kama, artha, Dharma, and Moksha are the main goals of life in Hinduism. Hinduism is different from Christianity by not being slotted into any central believe system (Das S., 2008). Hinduism is a way of life not believes of one individual. Members of the Hindu faith believe in truth, honesty, non-violence, and prayer. With the question of Christianity true or false and Mohammed being the last prophet, Hinduism could become the largest faith in the world. Hinduism strives from many different religions and faiths. Believes of Hinduism are the same as many other religions. Christians believe in being true to oneself, and Hindu followers believe that the actions of one will get them to heaven or the afterlife. Both faiths are different in so many ways but the same in other ways. In any religion there is going to be disagreements between them. The laws and rules one must follow will be different. The biggest thing all religions can agree upon is that their members live for the creator of land, water, humankind, and heaven. No matter what the religion one is born, lives life for the exceptional one, asks forgiveness of sins, and prepares for resurrection. Education will play a big part in the future to understanding religions of the world. When members become educated to the laws and believe of another religion, he, or she will see that most religions are very similar in origin. God wants his followers to be true to one ’s self and follow his, or her heart, treat others with respect. Many religions disobey this rule by telling members that other religions are not as superior as their religion. Believe and hope for a better life after death is the main goal of most religions. Older believes and practices changed in Christianity and so will the future. On ly time will tell if Christianity can survive the same believes and practices of the future followers. Research Papers on About ChristianityComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionGenetic EngineeringAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementQuebec and CanadaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseMind TravelThe Hockey GameThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy

Philosophy. Comapare Socrates and Thoreau's methods, beleifs. Show Essay

Philosophy. Comapare Socrates and Thoreau's methods, beleifs. Show where they are the same and where and why they differ - Essay Example Socrates was more specific about the commitments of a human towards the state (Socrates). He has argued that the state has the most importance than anything in the world. Socrates believed that the people should work for the government and their self interests are not much important when compared to the interests of the government or the state. Even the death was considered of least importance while fighting to protect the interest of the sates as per Socrates. On the other hand, Thoreau was not much adamant about the commitment of the people towards the government or the state (Richardson). He believed that the people have another life apart from the life for government. In his opinion, doing everything as the government directs may not be a wise act for the people. In his opinion, the governments are responsible for so many evil things in the society like slavery and wars and there is no point in sacrificing the life for the interests of the government. Thoreau believed that a person’s life has lot of dimensions and its commitment towards the state is only one among them. Socrates believed that the government is responsible for giving better living standards to the people whereas Thoreau believed that the government denying it. Both Socrates and Thoreau have some similarities also in their views. Both of them believed in morality. Thoreau said that people, if left to their own ends will act justly, and should be treated accordingly by the law (Richardson). Socrates also said the same thing that "no one wants to commit injustice" for its own sake, many people end up doing so anyway (Socrates). Socrates argued that the people have a moral responsibility to abide by the state laws in response to the protection provided to the people by the states. Socrates has given more importance to the consciousness of in individual while obeying the laws. He has pointed out that the people can avoid laws if they feel injustice in it. Thoreau also more or less

Critique assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critique assignment - Essay Example It was good that the working title of their report was itself the primary aim indicated in the abstract. The authors were apparently determined to be consistent throughout. However, they failed to narrow down the research title, which was too general. The abstract specifically said that the patients were 42 men but the title overlooked this. Also, though the title may be understandable to readers of varying backgrounds, the abstract looked informal and deviated from the usual academic tone. It had sub-headings, some of which were composed of phrases instead of recognized sentences. The abstract’s opening line â€Å"Aim: To assess changes in quality of life (QoL) and oxygen consumption produced by two different patterns of physical training in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF)† was certainly a phrase. Though the abstract gave an accurate synopsis of the report, it was just puzzling why such informality was allowed to be published by professors and by an intern ational journal. The report did mention how participants were allocated into three groups as part of the intervention process, but failed to specify the randomization technique used. The introduction part was not very direct in conveying its message to readers, whoever they may be. There was never any mention for whom the report was intended – whether it was for aspiring cardiologists, for physical therapists, for patients with CHF beyond the study’s jurisdiction, or for nearly anyone interested in the research. Moreover, the scientific explanations provided in the introduction lacked statistical backing, which would have strengthened the need or the rationale for conducting the research (University of Guelph, n.d.). For instance, the authors merely explained the meaning of congestive heart failure and its association with high mortality the way a medical dictionary would. The meaning did not prove the necessity for employing physical exercises to improve the QoL and oxygen

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic management - Essay Example This development stresses the importance of crafting and implementing a competitive business strategy for Tesco’s to regain its market leadership. II. Company Overview: Tesco PLC Tesco is the largest retailer in Great Britain and the third largest supermarket in the world. Its market share in the UK retailing industry is 12.5% and it controls over 30% of the grocery market which is 75% dominated by four major players Tesco, ASDA, Sainsbury and Morrison (Dobson et al 2008). Tesco has 2,440 stores and has an employee of more than 4,000,000 people. Its online grocery store www.tesco.com is recognized as the world’s biggest online grocer in the world. It has its own-label products which accounts approximately 50% of its sale. III. Industry Analysis: PESTEL For any business enterprise to become more responsive to the changing demands of the market, it is imperative that it should be able to define its internal competence and resources and external environment as well so that it can devise a strategy where it can profit and regain its market position. The tools that will be used to define both the internal and external environment of Tesco are PESTEL, Porter’s Five Forces and SWOT Analysis. PESTEL Analysis a. Political factor The liberalization of trade allowed other competitors to enter into market to compete with Tesco which contributed to its sales decline. In a report by Lyall, â€Å"foreign discounter such as Aldi and Lidl combined with an increased domestic rivalries appears to have blunted the edge Tesco had† (2011). b. Economic factor – perhaps this is the most significant factor in Tesco’s external environment that contributed to its underperforming sale in the first half of 2011. In Mintel’s May 2009 survey, it reported that 43 percent of consumers say â€Å"trying to add to my rainy day savings/emergency fund† (ProgressiveGrocer 2010). This was corroborated by a recent survey conducted by Mintel, who also reported that consumers today are more price conscious than previous years (Mintel 2011a). These development in the grocery made consumers to become more receptive more with foreign discounters because they are now more price conscious than before. c. Social factors Due to the recent economic crisis, consumers are now scaling down on their luxury expenditures and became more conscious on cost. This shift in consumer behavior affects Tesco because some of its consumers are switching to foreign discounters to save on grocery costs. d. Technological factors Technology is an important organizational competence that can enhance a company’s competetiveness. It enhances a company’s competitiveness by being more responsive to customers’ needs and being more efficient. In the case of Tesco, its technological investment in 2009, particularly its in-house designed supply chain application enabled it to increase the availability of its stock and reduced warehouse stock ing resulting in the more efficient operation of its warehouse. e. Environmental factors To date, Tesco does not have any environmental issues and this factor did not contribute to Tesco’s underperforming sale. f. Legislative factors If there is any recent legislative factor that has an utmost relevance to Tesco today, that would be the passing of the Tesco Law on October 06, 2011 which has been named after the chain store. The

Brontie’ Swanston Essay Example for Free

Brontie’ Swanston Essay Sometimes early intervention for struggling learners is ideal. Most learning problems can be prevented if students are in positive school and classroom contexts that accommodate individual differences (Madden, 1991). However, even in the most positive environments, some students still experience difficulties. For these students, early intervention strategies must be implemented as soon as learning problems are noted. Early intervention means that â€Å"supplementary instructional services are provided early in students’ schooling, and that they are intense enough to bring at-risk students quickly to a level at which they can profit from high-quality classroom instruction† (Madden Wasik, 1991). The intent of early intervention is to create general education support systems for struggling learners as a way to improve academic performance and to reduce inappropriate special education referrals (Madden, 1991). Examples of early intervention include clinical teaching, peer and expert consultation, teacher assistance teams, and alternative programs such as those that offer tutorial or remedial instruction in the context of general education. A critical concept for ELL students is comprehensible input. This concept expresses that in order to acquire a second language the learner must understand what is said to him. Learners should receive input that is appropriate to their age and language level. This language should be just beyond the learner’s current proficiency but easy enough for them to understand. Teachers need to develop background knowledge, deliver content that is contextualized, and use gestures, pictures and real objects to make input comprehensible (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). When newcomers are assigned to a mainstream classroom and spend most of their day in this environment it is especially critical for them to receive comprehensible input from their teachers and classmates (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). In other words, if the teacher prefers lectures, it leaves the English language learner will not be receiving this input. All teachers are aware of the need to â€Å"explicitly link past learning and new concepts† but some teachers fail to consider students’ backgrounds and experiences when planning lessons (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). One way to avoid making unwarranted assumptions about our students’ past learning, background or experiences is to create a common classroom experience as the basis for instruction (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). Another strategy is to help students make conscious links between their experiences and the text as described in the sample lesson below. Two good concepts to implement would be literature logs and instructional conversations. Before and after reading, students respond to prompts that help them link their experiences to those of the main character or main theme (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). The instructional conversations that follow these prompts provide oral language practice for Ell’s, and help deepen students’ conceptual frameworks for comprehension (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). Researchers found that using either the literature log or the instructional conversation increased comprehension for Ell’s but using both produced deeper understanding (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). Teachers should apply the following steps to be successful in previous two concepts: Step 1 Create pre-reading and post- reading questions or prompts Pre-reading question or prompt: a generic probe about students’ experiences that might be similar to those of the main character/s. Step 2 Briefly review the story again building on student responses in a think-aloud format. Review the procedure for tracking story events and noting when these events are similar to or different from experiences discussed by the class. Examples: two-column notes, post its, adapted story sequence chart Students read or listen to the text: pairs, small groups, tape, and buddy reading Step 3 Present the second literature log question or prompt; model a response. Allow time for students to write about or discuss the prompt. Facilitate the second instructional conversation in which students discuss similarities and differences between and among their experiences and those of the characters. Variations: use picture books with limited text for non-readers or beginning Ell’s of any age. Allow students to respond in their first language. Older or more proficient students can respond to prompts that focus on the setting instead of, or in addition to, events, characters and theme or compare experiences across texts. (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991) It is also vitally important to emphasize key vocabulary. Lack adequate vocabulary is one barrier to reading for Ell’s. Research on vocabulary acquisition indicates that a successful vocabulary development program should have a least the following five components: 1) Intentional word selection (words that represent new concepts, are important outside of the specific activity, or cross content areas) 2) Direct instruction in word meaning and in strategies used to learn new words 3) Modeling of strategies and processes for learning new words 4) Multiple exposures to new words and opportunities to use new words (wide reading, intentional word-focused activities, and ongoing review) 5) A system to help students track new vocabulary (Beck, McKeon, 2002) Here is a five-step vocabulary activity to implement with your ELL students: 1) Teacher provides a definition (tell, read, demonstrate) 2) Teacher creates a non-linguistic representation of the word while engaging in a â€Å"think aloud† that helps students identify key components of the visual and their relationship to the new word 3) Students write or say their own definition of the word 4) Students create their own linguistic representation of the word 5) Return to visual to add or revise elements as students deepen their understanding of the concept Adapted from Marzano, Pickering, 2001 It is important that the teacher shares a knowledge base relative to the education of students learning English (Thomas, Collier, 1997). Efficient teachers should be familiar with second language acquisition, the relationship of native language proficiency to the development of English, socio-cultural influences on learning, effective first and second language instruction, informal assessment strategies that can be used to monitor progress (particularly in language and literacy development), and effective strategies for working with culturally and linguistically diverse families and communities (Thomas, Collier, 1997). It is also imperative that there is recognition of the students’ native language. Language programs must have support of principals, teachers, parents, and the community (Thomas Collier, 1997). School staff should understand that native language instruction provides the foundation for achieving high levels of English proficiency (Cummins, 1994). For regular education teachers and ESL/bilingual teachers, when it comes to language development, there should be a share responsibility. There also must be collaborative school-community relationships. Parents of students learning English must be viewed as capable advocates for their children and as valuable resources in school improvement efforts (Cummins, 1994). By being involved with families and communities of English learners, educators come to understand the social, linguistic, and cultural contexts in which the children are being raised (Ortiz, 1997). Thus, educators learn to respect cultural differences in child-rearing practices and in how parents choose to be involved in their children’s education (Garcia Dominguez, 1997). It is vital to implement academically rich programs for ELL students. Students learning English must have opportunities to learn advanced skills in comprehension, reasoning, and composition and have access to curricula and instruction that integrate basic skill development with higher order thinking and problem solving (Ortiz, Wilkinson, 1991). Students must have access to high-quality instruction designed to help them meet high expectations (Cummins, 1994). Teachers should employ strategies known to be effective with English learners, such as: 1) Drawing on their prior knowledge 2) Providing opportunities to review previously learned concepts and teaching them to employ those concepts 3) Organizing themes or strands that connect the curriculum across subject areas 4) Providing individual guidance, assistance, and support to fill gaps in background knowledge Although it is evident that students fail in school for a variety of reasons, in some cases, their academic difficulties can be directly attributed to deficiencies in the teaching a learning environment. These difficulties may become more serious over time if instruction is not modified to address the students’ specific needs. Unless these students’ specific needs. Unless the deficit in learning is caught early and the appropriate intervention is accessed, they will continue to struggle, and the gap between their achievement and that of their peers will widen over time. References Cummins (1994). Knowledge, power, and identity in teaching English as a second language. â€Å"Educating second language children: The whole child, the whole curriculum, the whole community† Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Garcia, S. B. , Dominguez, L. (1997). Cultural contexts that influence learning and academic performance. In Silver, L. B. , â€Å"Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic Of North America: Academic Difficulties†. Philadelphia: Saunders Co. Madden, N. A. , Slavin, R. E. , Wasik, B. A. (1991). Success for all, â€Å"Phi Delta Kappan. † Thomas, W, P. , Collier, V. (1997). School effectiveness for language language miniority students (Resource Collection Series No. 9). Washington: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education. Beck, I. , McKeon, M. Kucan, L. (2002) Bringing Words to Life: Robust Vocabulary Instruction. Guilford Press. Ortiz, A. A. Wilkinson, C. Y. (1991). Assessment and intervention model for the bilingual exceptional student. â€Å"Teacher Education and Special Education, 14 Saunders, W. and Goldenberg, C. (1999) The Effects of Instructional Conversations and Literature Logs on the Story Comprehension and Thematic Understanding of English Proficient and Limited English Proficient Students. http://www. cal. org/crede/pubs/research/RR6. pdf Marzano, R. , Pickering, D. J. , Pollock, J. E. (2001) Classroom Instruction that Works. Alexandria, VA: MCREL, ASCD.